molybdenum disk copper and copper alloy

W is tungsten, copper and copper alloy, tungsten-copper alloy used copper content of 10% to 50%. Tungsten copper alloy powder metallurgy method of preparation, has good electrical and thermal conductivity, good high temperature tungsten sheet‍ strength and a certain plasticity. At very high temperatures, such as above 3000 ℃, tungsten-copper alloy of copper is liquefied tungsten electrode absorbs heat and reduce the material surface temperature. molybdenum disk‍ So this kind of material is also called metal sweating materials. Tungsten copper alloy has relatively wide range of uses, mainly used to manufacture high-voltage electrical arc erosion resistant switch contacts and the rocket nozzle throat, rudder and other high temperature components, also used as EDM electrodes, tungsten weights‍ high temperature mold processing as well as other requirements of thermal conductivity properties and high temperature use of the occasion.

molybdenum wire tungsten is a modern industrial

Tungsten and tungsten alloys Very versatile, tungsten is a modern industrial, defense and high-tech applications in one very important functional materials, and is widely used in aerospace, nuclear, marine, automotive industry, tungsten sheet‍ electrical industry, electronic industry, chemical industry and other areas. Most of tungsten carbide andtungsten bolts in the production of iron. Tungsten and chromium, molybdenum, cobalt alloy molybdenum disk‍  composition for the production of heat-resistant tools, such as gas turbine blades and combustion tube. Tungsten with tantalum, niobium, molybdenum and other components difficult fluxing. Tungsten and tungsten copper silver alloy material used as electrical contacts. High density tungsten nickel-copper alloy as radiation tungsten weights‍ protection shield. Tungsten wire, rods, sheets, etc. for the production of light bulbs, tube components and arc welding electrodes.

tungsten sheet in the same working conditions

Depending on the circumstances, commonly used assessment methods are: 1) in the same working conditions (speed, load, temperature, etc.) tungsten sheet‍  friction surface mount and damage due severity; 2) friction occurs when occlusal load; 3 ) friction in the friction process, the friction torque (friction coefficient) mutated load; 4) based on the wear of friction and wear test surface morphology microscopic analysis. molybdenum disk‍ Tests mainly in dry friction or lack of lubrication conditions. These methods are the main problems is the state of the dry friction wear mechanism and cylinder - piston ring work is significantly different, the test results of simulations of the poor, lack of lubrication conditions are difficult to control, tungsten weights‍ poor reproducibility of test results.

molybdenum disk tungsten pros and cons

CFLs ordinary tungsten tungsten poles pass, after heating can emit electrons in both sides of the lamp with a relatively high voltage to form an electric field, the electrons

Lamp will be accelerated, the formation of a certain tungsten tube flow rate and energy electrons, is drawn into the vacuum tube, which is filled with mercury, mercury is the electron current in the electric Child playing with a certain speed on mercury atoms that are excited mercury atoms become excited state ions, known as happened step, the excited state of mercury over a very short Time to spontaneously fall back to its original state. While the release of ultraviolet light, ultraviolet light can not be used for lighting. Common energy-saving lamps have an ordinary lamp Tubes and getting mainstream trichromatic lamp, and has advantages compared to incandescent bulbs saving. The difference is that ordinary lamp color is low, but the lamp of the three primary colors The color showing natural sunlight, molybdenum disk and the color and light efficiency is more than an ordinary lamp. Energy-saving light sources contain mercury. Since the boiling point of mercury is Low to evaporate at room temperature, after crushing discarded fluorescent tubes, and immediately distributed to the surrounding mercury vapor, allows instantaneous ambient air concentration of mercury per cubic M 10 to 20 mg, the state's maximum allowable mercury concentration in the air of 0.01 milligrams per cubic meter. Mercury into the human body is difficult to be excluded. 1, the production During and after use of waste mercury contamination, mercury pollution is currently Western countries is considerable attention. 2, because it is glass, easily broken, bad transportation. Not Installed. 3, the power consumption is still too big.

4, easy to damage, short life, energy and money molybdenum plating this sentence is that it is not the best portrayal.‍

molybdenum disk Tungsten and molybdenum

Tungsten and molybdenum have high melting point, high strength hardness, good high temperature performance, low resistivity, thermal expansion coefficient, electron work function of small features, is the most widely tungsten sheet used high-temperature

Metal materials. My company production of a variety of pure tungsten, pure molybdenum tubes, rods, plates, ingots, crucibles and various shaped products. Such as high temperature furnace parts, high Temperature crucibles, tubes semiconductor components, lamp anode, various electrodes, glass, industrial parts, galvanic porous and composite casing and the like. Tungsten crucible, tungsten tube, Tungsten and tungsten-rhenium tungsten disk alloy plate is an important component of Sapphire Dan Changjing stove and MOCVD; various large tungsten tube mandrel, forming, feeding station is connected to the furnace and quartz glass

Other important components of high temperature furnace; tungsten and molybdenum tube, tungsten and molybdenum crucible electrode is also indispensable for rare earth smelting industry consumables. Produced by our company through these products

Sapphire Dan Changjing many factories nationwide, MOCVD tungsten tube epitaxy facility, quartz glass, high temperature heat treatment plants and rare earth smelting plant for many years, with excellent results.

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molybdenum wire of the history of tungsten

Development of tungsten industry from the outset with the light bulb industry closely linked. In 1878, Edison (T.A.Edison) invented the carbon filament light bulbs.

But this bulb there is a serious drawback, mainly life is too short. Nearly 20 years later (1897), osmium carbon filament yarn and tantalum wire was replaced, but the Os, Ta melting

Points lower, and thus low operating molybdenum disk‍ temperature and light effects.

1879 Edison carbon filament probation and hundreds of hours of use. Although the "carbon" has a high melting point (3550 ℃), but it has a low "sublimation"

Temperature. Sublimation at low temperatures directly from solid to gaseous state, making it easy to consume, life is short. And must be completely isolated from the air (will burn in air)

. A melting point of almost all the current (3410 ℃) tungsten wire, the advantage of lower melting point which is lower than the "sublimation" rate. Can be heated to a higher "carbon

Silk "higher temperatures. Tungsten same will burn in air, requiring bulbs evacuated.

To prevent sublimation of the filament within the lamp contains an inert gas such as argon gas is mainly (argon) and does not contain oxygen. So that part of the gas by collision

Of tungsten atoms can return to the filament. Although the inert gas increases the service life of the filament, but also paid a price. Since the original vacuum bulb

The increased presence of an inert gas heat conduction and convection, the energy away, so reducing the equilibrium temperature. Sublimation gas tungsten inert gas formed in the weak The particles can also be formed on the surface convection within the lamp black spots.

In 1903, according to Jay zafirlukast (A.Just) and Hannah door (F.Hannaman) patents, Hungary for the first time to create a tungsten filament. It is the freedom of hydrogen containing carbon filament

Tungsten oxyhalide steam heated to a high temperature by the current, the carbon is completely replaced by tungsten. Incandescent filaments thus obtained contain more or less of carbon, not brittle

Very serious, and when using the lamp filament continuously molybdenum plating‍ densified filament thus vary the electrical parameters.

In 1904, Jay Sterling and Hannah door recognize the impact of carbon on the brittle carbon compounds mixed binder and tungsten, and then extruded into filaments, and then in hydrogen Reduction by heating the metal. Tungsten prepared in this way is very brittle, but because it is a much better light efficiency, or to replace the carbon filament, osmium and tantalum wire filament lamp used for the production Bubble.

Preparation of these methods are not fine tungsten wire. To solve this problem, in 1907, a low nickel content of tungsten alloy available, it is through machining methods

Prepared, but it is seriously hampered the application of brittleness. Until 1909, Coolidge (w.D.Coolidge) General Electric Company by powder metallurgy

Legal tungsten billet was then produced by machining ductile tungsten filament at room temperature, thereby laying the foundation for tungsten processing industry, but also laid the powder metallurgy Foundation.

However, this "ductility" tungsten filament light bulb lit after showed significant brittleness. In 1913, Ping Qi (Pintsch) invented the thorium tungsten wire (ThO2 content of 1% to

2%), so that the incandescent lamp is greatly reduced brittleness. Initially, the filament sag (see anti-sag tungsten performance) is not a problem, because the filament

Straight wire, but after 1913, Langmuir (Langmuir) will be replaced by straight wire spiral wire, so that when the lamp, high operating temperature and weight to make the role of

Filament sag, so pure tungsten and tungsten thorium are difficult to meet the requirements.

In order to solve the short life tungsten sagging and other issues, in 1917, Perth (A.Pacz) invented the high temperature "deformation" of the tungsten filament. At first, he was in the preparation of pure tungsten

When using a refractory crucible roasting WO3, WO3 restore accidentally discovered this tungsten spiral made of tungsten powder resulting abnormal mysteriously re-crystallized by no sagging. Follow

Later, after 218 repeated experiments, he finally found that the tungsten ingot‍ addition of potassium and sodium silicate in tungstate (WO3 · H2O), after reduction, pressing, sintering, machining

And other prepared tungsten wire, after a fairly coarse recrystallized grain structure, neither soft and anti-sagging, this is the first non-sag tungsten wire. Perth found no fewer than laid

Vertical tungsten production base, now called the United States still does not sag tungsten as "218 tungsten wire", to commemorate this major discovery Perth.

However, the first production of non-sag tungsten brittle than thorium tungsten severe that some tungsten bulb factory insist on using thorium as a filament. But with no sag tungsten production Process of continuous development and improvement, people gradually realize that tungsten oxide is added in the same K, Si, Al compounds that can make a good tungsten filament at high temperatures

Anti-sag performance, while having been satisfied after recrystallization temperature ductility. This is now commonly known as "AKS tungsten wire," or "does not sag tungsten wire" or

"Doped tungsten wire," Mir doped chan Carolina (T.Millner) in 1931, molybdenum plating‍ this improvement will not sag effect is called "GK effect."

molybdenum disk tungsten applications

tungsten applications

In addition to a small amount of tungsten heating material for high temperature furnace, heater tubes and composite reinforcement endures, most of them are used for the production of white

Tungsten wire

Filament incandescent lamps and molybdenum disk halogen and gas discharge lamp electrodes. Cathode gas discharge lamp for use as tungsten or tungsten rods, in order to reduce its electron work function, shall be added

0.5-3% thorium, tungsten thorium called wire. Since Thorium is a radioactive element, pollute the environment, it made a useful cerium tungsten thorium instead of cerium cerium tungsten wire or rod. But cerium

Evaporation rate, so that a tungsten filament or tungsten, cerium Ce can be used for small power pole gas discharge lamp.

Once the use of tungsten at high temperature recrystallization becomes very brittle in case of a shock or vibration can easily break. In some of the requirements of high reliability electric light

Products in order to prevent breakage of the filament, often in the tungsten molybdenum wire doped with 3 to 5% of rhenium, tungsten, rhenium wire is called, it can make the tungsten brittle transition temperature down to the extension at room temperature

Temperature or below. This is a very strange rhenium effect has not yet been able to find a substitute element rhenium, tungsten produce the same effect.

Tungsten at room temperature has good acid and alkali capacity, but in moist air easily oxidized, so fine tungsten can not be stored for too long in a wet environment. Also tungsten

1200 ℃ down to start the reaction with carbon from tungsten carbide, so the filament to burn hydrogen treatment should pay attention to this issue, otherwise its surface tungsten graphite lubrication

Reacting agent, the filament tungsten sheet must brittle fracture.

molybdenum disk heat radiation, the difference between Di

heat radiation, the difference between Di

Objects thermal radiation will produce a variety of different frequencies molybdenum disk (wavelengths) of electromagnetic waves. For tungsten, the incident surface waves are absorbed almost one hundred percent. (Suck

Radiation coefficient close to 1) for tungsten, the incident surface waves is almost one hundred percent will be absorbed (absorption and radiation coefficient is 1) so the thermal radiation received

Near blackbody radiation spectrum only related to temperature. So close to the thermal radiation tungsten sheet spectrum of blackbody radiation related to temperature only.

Difference dysprosium

The easiest way: There are two kinds of materials to make a big difference lamps, dysprosium lamp color temperature is about 5600, there will fluctuate because of the aging of the lamp

Tungsten wire

What, are generally around 5600K. Tungsten color temperature is molybdenum wire 3200K! This is the biggest difference between the two, dysprosium lamp is white, incandescent light is yellow, dysprosium lamp was

Many models are not the same, in order to prevail ARR lamps, dysprosium lamp includes: 200W, 575W, 2000W, 2500W, 4000W, 6000W, 12000W still new

PAR lamps, dysprosium lamps also belongs, 200PAR, 575PAR, 1200PAR, 4000PAR, 6000PAR, 12000PAR Tungsten include: 50W, 300W, 650W,

1000W, 2000W, 5000W, 24000W!

molybdenum disk Tungsten wire

Tungsten

CFLs ordinary tungsten tungsten poles pass, after heating can emit electrons in both sides of the lamp with a relatively high voltage to form an electric field, the electrons

Lamp will be accelerated, the formation of a certain flow rate and energy electrons, is drawn into the vacuum tube, which is filled with mercury, the

Tungsten wire

Mercury in the electron stream at a constant speed electrons hit the mercury atoms, so that the mercury atoms are excited into ions excited state, known as a step molybdenum disk occurs, the laser

Mercury sent state over a very short period of time spontaneously fall to its original state. While the release of ultraviolet light, ultraviolet light can not be used for lighting. Common energy

Lamp has an ordinary lamp and getting mainstream trichromatic lamp, and has power-saving advantages compared to incandescent bulbs. The difference is that ordinary lamp color bias

Low while the lamp is showing the three primary molybdenum wire colors of natural sunlight, and the color and light efficiency is more than an ordinary lamp. Energy-saving light sources contain

Mercury. Due to the low boiling point of mercury at room temperature to evaporate, after crushing the waste fluorescent tubes, mercury vapor immediately distributed to the surrounding, the instantaneous ambient air can

The mercury concentration of 10 to 20 milligrams per cubic meter, the state's maximum allowable mercury concentration in the air of 0.01 milligrams per cubic meter. Mercury into the human body is difficult

Are excluded.

1, the production process and discarded after use of mercury contamination, mercury pollution in Western countries is considerable attention.

2, because it is glass, easily broken, bad transportation. tungsten sheet Bad installation.

3, the power consumption is still too big.

4, easy to damage, short life, energy and money this sentence is that it is not the best portrayal.

molybdenum wire Application of molybdenum disilicide

Molybdenum disilicide used in high temperature oxidation resistant coating material , electric heating elements, the integrated electrode films , structural materials, composite materials, molybdenum wire reinforcing agents, wear-resistant materials , structural ceramics and other fields connecting material
, Distributed in the following industries :
1 ) Energy Chemical industry: electric heating element , atomic reactor unit high temperature heat exchanger , gas burners , high temperature thermocouple and protection tube , crucible melting vessel ( used for melting sodium, lithium,
Lead- bismuth, tin and other metals ) .
2 ) the microelectronics industry : MoSi2 with some other refractory metal silicide Ti5Si3, WSi2, TaSi2 and tungsten sheet so is the LSI gate and interconnect film important candidate materials .
3 ) aerospace industry : high temperature oxidation resistant coating material as widely and deeply studied and applied. Especially as turbine engine components, such as blades , impellers , the combustor , nozzle , and
Sealing means of the material.
4 ) automotive : automotive turbocharger turbine engine rotor , valve body, spark plugs and engine parts.

molybdenum disk quartz glass melting furnace

Since the melting point of molybdenum up to 2610 ℃, therefore molybdenum crucible is widely used in sapphire crystal growth furnace, quartz glass melting furnace, rare earth smelting furnaces and other industrial furnace core container, the use of working molybdenum bar temperatures generally above 2000 ℃. Especially for sapphire crystal growth furnace, it has a high purity, high density, without internal cracks, size precision, smooth inner and outer walls, and other molybdenum crucible of molybdenum crucible for sapphire crystal growth process seed success rate, pulling quality control, life off the crystal stick pan and played a key role. Molybdenum boat / molybdenum crucible, molybdenum plate heat rolling, with high strength, high temperature and other characteristics. It profiles molybdenum disk orderly, soldered into place, thus ensuring the molybdenum boat at high temperature and pressure conditions, with the best survival. Molybdenum Crucible is mainly used for coating technology, electronics and engineering industries.

Molybdenum plant nutrition and lack of the main

Molybdenum plant nutrition and lack of the main symptoms of molybdenum
Legumes body molybdenum concentrate in the rhizobia , followed by the seeds. Soybean plant , its leaves above the stems and petioles of Kekai molybdenum bar , molybdenum is higher than the reproductive organs of vegetative organs , the highest seed molybdenum content . Molybdenum has a good effect on the process of nitrogen fixation and legume crop growth and development , molybdenum can promote the strength of photosynthesis, promote the role of nitrate

High and local overheating of the circulating water system

Security: sodium molybdate toxic , but low toxicity compounds. Kekai molybdenium poisoning can cause joint pain,Cause low blood pressure and blood pressure fluctuations , neurological disorders, metabolic processes obstacles. Soluble

Molybdenum compounds aerosol maximum allowable concentration of 2mg / m, the dust is 4mg / m. Access to and use of molybdenum alloys When sodium required to wear protective equipment . Pay attention to moisture . Transportation beware of rain, sun Uses: used in the manufacture of alkaloids , ink , fertilizers , molybdenum red pigment and pigment Fast precipitant Metal catalyst , molybdenum bar salts , can also be used to make flame retardant and suppression of pollution- water system Preparation , also used as galvanizing , polishing agents and chemical reagents.

The use of sodium molybdate disk

Kekai molybdenum disk low toxicity , low pollution levels of environmental pollution , is a novel application of more Water treatment agent . In order to obtain a better release effect , molybdenium often with polyphosphates, grapesSugar, salt , zinc , BTA complex to use , so not only can reduce copper molybdenum make Dosage, but also improve corrosion effect , the amount of the complex molybdates by 200 ~ 500mg / LDecreased to 4 ~ 6mg / L. Molybdate film process, dissolved oxygen must be present, withou mCalcium ( or other divalent metal ion

 s ) .

Status of foreign molybdenum wire ore beneficiation

Molybdenum concentrate leaching
Some get a molybdenum concentrate plant , copper , lead, iron

and other impurities substandard . According to the U.S.

Climax Molybdenum Company's quality molybdenum concentrate

quality standards : MoS2 should be 95%, Cu should be less

than 0.15%, Pb should be less than 0.05%. In the

international market , quality almost, prices sent many ,

such as the company's high-quality molybdenum concentrate

price of 1 July 1975 was $ 2.43 / lb , unqualified to $ 2.236

/ lb, the race to 2.5 ~ 17 %. In order to reduce the content

of these metals , and some plant using different leaching

process .
    Brenda plant concentrate containing 55.3% molybdenum

grade is relatively high , but the content of copper and lead

undesirable . To this end , the plant uses the Noranda

company developed the leaching process to reduce impurities

to improve the quality of concentrate . This process is the

principles and methods : copper chloride, ferric chloride

leaching of molybdenum oxide and calcium solution of Cu, Ca

and Pb cupric chloride and ferric chloride ( the amount of

103 and 41 g , respectively / t of concentrate ) in a sodium

chloride solution containing 20 to 30% of the chalcopyrite

and galena effective chlorinating agent , calcium chloride or

sodium chloride to reduce the PH value , and to increase

Boiling Point ( 4850 feet elevation Brenda located on the

leaching requires a higher boiling point ) , shorten the

leaching time . Brenda most effective plant molybdenum

leaching solution containing 1% of cupric chloride, ferric

chloride, 10% and 30 % calcium chloride . Leaching at 2 hours

at 100 ℃ , can Cu, Pb leaching rate of 98%, Ca leaching rate

of 79% is dissolved molybdenum is less than 0.5% . Used

leachate chlorine gas can be quickly regenerated. After each

batch leaching let go 30% of the leaching solution , in order

to control the leaching solution of copper and lead harmful

elements. After leaching the copper content of molybdenum

concentrate fell to 0.063 percent from 0.337 percent lead

content to 0.05 % molybdenum grade increased from 55.3% to

56.6%. After cooling the concentrate , and this was washed

twice ( including filtration and recycled pulp ) through ,

and a final filtration and dried .
    Valencia Rita plant selection molybdenum concentrate

containing 47 to 48% molybdenum , copper contained in order

to further remove , to improve the quality , the plant uses a

ferrous chloride leaching . The first process is filtered and

dried to molybdenum temperature 2% , and ferrous chloride

leaching of copper leaching solution ( 2.5 ~ 3.0% ) ,

molybdenum up to grade 53 to 54 %. After the concentrate

leaching and filtered again and dried , and within 2 meters

of the roaster roasting ф.16 give trioxide, 60 to 61 percent

of its grades , less than 1% sulfur , into the alloy

preparation plant molybdenum iron. Cologne plant in order to

reduce the copper content of molybdenum , using sodium

chloride leaching, the product is filtered and then dip the

slurry , and then sent to acid leaching , in order to further

reduce the amount of copper , molybdenum acid leaching after

final filtered and dried.

One kind of tungsten sheet

One kind of tungsten carbide - cobalt or Kekai tungsten carbide rod - cobalt - chromium in the thermal spraying powder production method,The present invention relates to a WC - Co or WC - Co - Cr thermal spray powder for preparing the powder or the tungsten carbide powder and cobalt powder, cobalt powder and chromium powder mixed in a certain ratio to prepare a slurry , spray granulation, the granulated powder is sieved and degreased in a vertical rapid sintering temperature sintering furnace , the body movement pattern of the powder falling through the continuous and uniform heating and cooling zones , and heating to complete the sintering zone , the protective atmosphere : nitrogen, sintering temperature : 1000 ~ 1700 ℃, sintering time : 0.1 ~ 5s, finally sintered powder required for grading and screening . The invention solves the spherical tungsten carbide rods -based composite thermal spray powder using the presence of long production cycle, low productivity and energy consumption and other problems when traditional methods of preparation ; present invention , the process is simple , continuous production , energy saving and environmental protection, the resulting powder composition uniformity , high sphericity and liquidity , and can be widely used in aerospace , machinery manufacturing , and petroleum and chemical industry.

technology molybdenium wire

Nature of Kekai Tungsten & Molybdenum technology molybdenium and tungsten is very close to the boiling point and highlight its conductive properties , linear thermal expansion coefficient

The number is small, compared with the tungsten easier processing.
    Thermal conductivity metal screen with the best match to the specific heat , making thermal shock and thermal fatigue

Natural selection , after which the melting point of tungsten , but the density is smaller and therefore the strength of

Greater than tungsten and other metals in the application of the weight of several key requirements , the more effective. molybdenum alloys in order

Before two hundred people have high degrees of strength.
     The main drawback is the mother of poor oxidation resistance above six hundred degrees Celsius rapid oxidation

And poor ductility at room temperature . To avoid weaknesses, using high-temperature oxidation coating ways to control the problem ,

For that is the lack of generally low temperature embrittlement said too poor plasticity , the strengthening Canadian people by alloy

Carbides and other measures to strengthen the resolve to achieve .

Advantages of tungsten sheet fish pendant

Tungsten alloy fish pendant density, making it significantly smaller than conventional lead fish pendant. As the body Small size, so only need to spend some fish pendant. tungsten machined parts pellets higher hardness than lead , not card Main fish jawbone . The shape can be maintained more durable . High density tungsten alloy makes fishing becomes more Plus simple . Tungsten alloy pellets and sensitive , allowing you to easily feel what or with your Bait hit something, such as bushes , rocks , mud and so on. Lead is toxic and causes environmental pollution . Tungsten has the advantage of non-toxic and pollution-free , the Tungsten has replaced the lead, making it an ideal material for fishing sinkers .

Tungsten sheet alloy saw blade

Cold rolled metal saw blade is also referred to as "cold saw", used for cutting steel, the steel under the status of the material of the Kekai Tungsten & Molybdenum technology tungsten weights of the circular saw blade. Using silver welding materials of hard alloy cutter welding in cutting out tooth plate peripheral department, carbide cutter grinding is suitable for the style by cutting material. According to the purposes are divided into regrinding and TA (one-time) two kinds. Ever is to use known as feng hacksaw (HSS circular saw blade), band sawing machine, band saw blade, (are in high speed tool steel as raw materials), but there is difference of tungsten wires efficiency, (cannot fast cutting), short service life of cutting tools. In order to solve these problems, developed in circular saw blade part of the welding head. Now, this kind of tungsten plate saw blade is becoming the mainstream of the metal material cutting. In particular, can carry on the processing, only a small amount of coolant and saw blade is easy to manage a one-time TA cold saw increasing tendency at home and abroad very quickly. Due to steel as the core of the heavy industry, automobile parts processing industry and metal processing industry, requires cutting solid steel bar, the raw material such as iron, stainless steel rods, currently used metal circular saw blade, carbide saw blade can cut wood, organic glass/acrylic, copper, aluminum and other soft materials, in the face of the solid material cutting is "not".

Tungsten sheet electrode nozzles

 One kind of Kekai tungsten electrode nozzles, spray drying areas belonging to the field of mechanical equipment . The utility model using tungsten carbide materials and improve the structure of the nozzle so as to adapt to the high-pressure spray tungsten carbide nozzles. The utility model includes a protective shell , nuts, tungsten carbide rods nozzles core inserted in a protective case , and then tighten the nut on the protective shell. In addition to the utility model is characterized by the use of tungsten carbide rod nozzles as the core material , greatly improved wear resistance , but with the traditional nozzle structure also improved .

Tungsten steel sintering process

Tungsten steel sintering process can be divided into four basic stages:
1, removal of burn-forming agents stage,Kekai tungsten carbide rod following changes occurred during this phase sintered body:
Removal of the initial sintering agent as the temperature rises, forming agent gradual decomposition or vaporization, excluded from the sintered body, at the same time, more or less forming agent to increase the sintered carbon, carbon amount will vary forming agent different type, quantity and sintering process is changed.
Powder surface oxides are reduced, at the sintering temperature, the hydrogen reduction of oxides of cobalt and tungsten carbide, if the vacuum forming agent removal and sintering, the carbon-oxygen reaction is not strong. Contact stress between the gradual elimination of the powder particles, bonding metal powder beginning to recovery and recrystallization, surface diffusion began, briquette strength increased.
2, solid-phase sintering stage (800 ℃ - eutectic temperature)
Temperatures occur in the liquid phase under the previous, except to continue the process of what happens on stage, the solid-phase reaction and diffusion intensified, plastic flow enhancement, sintered apparent contraction.
3, liquid phase sintering (eutectic temperature - sintering temperature)
When the liquid phase sintered appear after contraction completed soon, followed by crystallization transition, the formation of the basic organization and structure of the alloy.
4, the cooling stage (sintering temperature - room temperature)
At this stage, the organization and the phase composition of tungsten carbide ball steel with different cooling conditions to produce some of the changes that can take advantage of this feature, tungsten steel heat treated to improve its mechanical properties.

Important tungsten sheet industrial raw materials

Tungsten is known as the "industrial teeth" or "industrial salt", was widely used in the defense industry, aerospace, oil exploration equipment and other industries.
Mainly used in the manufacture of Kekai copper tungsten trioxide or tungsten blue oxide of tungsten metal powder; metallic tungsten powder tungsten material downstream products series, such as tungsten, tungsten alloy and other electric vacuum materials; There alloy series, such as tungsten carbide alloy blade, alloy drill, alloy molds, etc.; other wear, pressure, temperature and other machinery and equipment components.

China Tungsten sheet Industry

China Tungsten Industry Investment Analysis and Forecast Report 2014-2018

China is the most abundant mineral resources of tungsten countries . By the end of 2008, China's tungsten reserves of 180 million tons of reserve base of 4.2 million tons , accounting for 60.0% and 66.67% , respectively, of the world , ranking first in the world . Over half a century , China Tungsten Industry is the world 's tungsten industry has made a significant contribution.

With the national economy and national defense fields as well as the changing international market demand for Kekai tungsten wire , tungsten national enterprises to increase product development efforts, and constantly develop new products, optimize the structure , formed from tungsten smelting products, chemical products , hard tungsten and tungsten weights carbide materials relatively complete range of products .2011 Tungsten prices hit the highest level in history , and has remained high and volatile , significantly improve the efficiency of the sector , compared with other metals, in the macroeconomic downturn, prices are still strong , is a better performance in 2011 one of nonferrous metals.

2012 , for China's tungsten tube industry, mixed. The joy is that the export quotas , limited mining, industry consolidation , such as the introduction of policies to improve the level of development of the whole industry ; variety of new technologies to achieve a breakthrough , effectively improve the industry 's profitability ; exploration has made new achievements , expanding the reserves . The worry is that the deterioration of the external environment , the European debt crisis continues , the export of the short-term is difficult to improve.

Now, with two main focus on China Minmetals origin - the integration of Jiangxi and Hunan, China Aluminum tungsten sheet resources and intervention , the concentration of tungsten industry has improved significantly , blind competitive situation will be improved and effective supply control will boost tungsten prices upward and positive tungsten industry ; industrial upgrading and mechanization of the open space needs of high-end products of tungsten rods , tungsten industry in the next five years China will usher in opportunities for continued growth .Investment Advisor in the release of " 2013-2017 China Tungsten Industry Investment Analysis and Forecast Report ," a total of nine chapters . Introduces the definition of tungsten , tungsten ore reserves and geological features , and then analyzes the policy environment , industry development and the market situation Chinese tungsten industry. Then introduced the development of a tungsten filament , tungsten carbide , tungsten ingot, tungsten -based alloys and other products . Subsequently, the report made ??to the regional development of tungsten industry analysis and key enterprises operating conditions , the final analysis of the future prospects of the development of the tungsten filaments industry.This study reports data mainly from the National Bureau of Statistics , General Administration of Customs , Ministry of Commerce , Ministry of Finance , CIC Industry Research Center adviser , the investment advisor market research center , China Tungsten Industry Association as well as domestic and foreign key publications and other channels , data authority detailed , rich , and through professional analysis and forecasting model , the core of the industry development indicators of scientific prediction . To you or your organization have a system for tungsten industry in-depth understanding , or want to invest in the tungsten industry , the report will be your indispensable reference tool.

The role of tungsten sheet

Tungsten is a non-ferrous metal, also belong to the important strategic metals, Kekai tungsten in ancient times known as rocks. Is discovered by Swedish chemist Carl William SheYeEr scheelite, tungstate and extract the new element, Depp son and later by spaniards found black tungsten ball also extract tungsten acid, in the same year, three oxide with carbon reduction for the first time in the tungsten powder, and naming the element. Amount of lines in the tungsten in the earth's crust is very low, have found containing tungsten alloy minerals has twenty kinds of tungsten deposit with granite magma activity. After refining the luster of the tungsten is silvery white metal, high melting point, hardness is very big. The mining of tungsten in the world today, about fifty percent is used for high quality steel smelting, about ten percent for making tungsten filament, about five percent of the used for other purposes, tungsten can manufacture guns, the rocket engine nozzle, cutting metal blades, drill bits, textile, military industry, aerospace, science and technology, various industrial fields. Is our common household light bulb, is made of tungsten wire. The main purpose of the tungsten tungsten and its alloys should be widely in electronic, electric light source industry. Used in the manufacture of all kinds of lighting bulbs, electronic lamp filament is used with a sagging resistance of doped tungsten wire. Adding metal rhenium doped tungsten wire, tungsten and molybdenium alloy is better than pure tungsten with high resistivity, beneficial willfulness, to used for tube lines, glass sealed lead.

We are lithium ion battery tungsten sheet

We are lithium ion battery, high purity materials and suppliers of target material, by in Germany, the United States has long engaged in the professional experts to form a new materialKekai tungsten & Molybdenum tungsten ball. Prominent industry technical experts and companies have long been engaged in the materials, processing, and analysis of professional engineering and technical personnel, and good at management, marketing and service of specialized personnel. We target based on continuous innovation, customer requirements in the lithium ion battery, high tungsten balls, three areas of sputtering target materials are establish the leading position. In tungsten bar production technology, material purification technology, material forming and processing technology, magnetron sputtering deposition technology, complete marketing team and management team of the comprehensive advantages, crystal pure new material will be a leader in energy conservation and environmental protection and new materials industry. Our products and service will be used in most countries, the manufacturer is dedicated to provide you with high quality products, improve the level of people's life. In order to improve people's lives as the vision, we use new materials professional experience and efficient enterprises operating experience, manifested as an environmentally friendly tungsten carbide ball enterprise social responsibility, to help our customers improve the competitiveness of products, production technology, provide the platform of sustainable development, to ensure the company's technology and innovation, the development speed and shareholders. To cope with the increasingly serious challenge of tungsten carbide rod, crystal pure new material by a leading green solution, help customers to reduce energy consumption and co2 emissions, to create the best social, economic and environmental benefits. Looking forward to the future, infinite prospect. In the process of global economic integration, cooperation is still the mainstream. We will uphold the principle of equality and mutual benefit, win-win sharing, with friends at home and abroad to join hands in creating a better future! Sincerely thank the care, support and help the development of the new material in the crystal pure people! 

The nature of tungsten sheet

The nature of tungsten is mainly exists in the form of Kekai tungsten & Molybdenum copper tungsten acid salt. Tungsten is a kind of metal elements, the crystallization of a film, qualitative hard and brittle, high melting point, can be made into fine wire and special alloy steel, tungsten wire, tungsten steel, tungsten ore (made of pure tungsten stone). Tungsten is rare metal, as well as important strategic materials, in ancient times known as "rocks". Of tungsten alloy minerals have been discovered in 20 species, tungsten deposit generally associated with granitic magma activity and form, after refining tungsten is silvery white, shiny metal. Tungsten powder in dark grey, spraying with tungsten powder is light grey.

Wolfram tungsten sheet

To provide you with the latest tungsten price quotes, real and effective Kekai tungsten & Molybdenum Technogy tungsten ball manufacturers, traders and demand information, different models, specifications, brands tungsten product information.Tungsten is a gray steel colored metal , tungsten powder to restore the rule of law was gray , granular tungsten powder is dark gray , ultra- fine grained tungsten carbide ball is black. High melting point of tungsten 3400 ℃. Large tungsten hardness, high density , high temperature strength. Tungsten is mainly used for the production of tungsten carbide and tungsten carbide rod carbide -based iron . Tungsten, chromium , molybdenum, cobalt for the production of heat- resistant alloy cutting tools, metal surface hardening material , gas turbine blades . Tungsten, tantalum , niobium , molybdenum, refractory alloy composition . Tungsten and tungsten copper -silver alloy for electrical contact materials. High density tungsten nickel-copper alloy for radiation protection shield . Tungsten wire, tungsten rod , tungsten sheet for the production of light bulbs , components and arc welding electrode tube . Tungsten and its alloys are widely used in electronics , electric light , space and weapons ( rocket nozzles , armor-piercing core ) . Alloy tool steel, high speed tool steel , forging die steel , structural steel, spring steel , heat-resistant steel and magnets are added tungsten.

Use thorium tungsten sheet electrode

Thoriated Kekai tungsten & Molybdenum Technogy copper tungsten electrode is usually used for the negative electrode of the DC or carbon steel, stainless steel , nickel positive electrode application , titanium and the like. Good performance of their operations , even in the current overload can be a good operation.
Thoriated tungsten electrode is usually used in the field of carbon and stainless steel . Thorium oxide content of 2 % of the thorium tungsten electrode is typically less than 1% of the thorium content of the tungsten electrode to better improve performance . When using thorium tungsten alloy electrode AC welding , faster, and should be used with caution in order to communicate before welding DC welding reaction . When AC welding , ball balled not melt, so the effect is not as liquid ball so well.
Thorium tungsten electrode is commonly used DC welding field , and pure tungsten electrodes for AC welding. During the welding process , the staff should read about the use of thorium- tungsten electrode instructions carefully .

Tungsten sheet gold

Refractory metals : tungsten&moly tungsten bar is a refractory metal . And

generally have a melting point above 1650 ℃ some reserves of

zirconium metal and the melting point higher than the melting

point (1852 ℃) is called a metal refractory metal . Typical

insoluble metal tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, niobium,

hafnium , chromium , vanadium , zirconium and titanium . As a

refractory metal , tungsten carbide ball is the most important advantage

of a good high temperature strength , and the molten alkali

metal vapor with good corrosion resistance , only above 1000

℃ tungsten carbide rod oxide appeared before the volatile liquid oxides.

However , it also has a plasticity - brittle transition

temperature is high at room temperature, the plastic working

is difficult disadvantages . tungsten carbide rods as the representative

of refractory metals in the metallurgical , chemical,

electronics , lighting , industrial machinery and other

sectors has been widely used .
Rare : Tungsten is a rare metal . Usually refers rare in

nature or distribution of the content is less scattered metal

. Tungsten is an element of a broader distribution of various

types of rocks found in almost all over , but at low levels .

Tungsten content in the crust of 0.001 % in the average

content of granite 1.5 × 10-6, this characteristic led to

its extraction very difficult, often isolated extract only

exchange with organic solvent extraction and ion . With the

development of science and technology progress and

metallurgical processes, equipment and analytical techniques

, and expanding the production scale of rare metals such

purity tungsten continuous improvement , performance

continued to improve, increasing variety , thus expanding the

applications of tungsten . China's abundant mineral resources

of tungsten and tungsten production in total exports account

for the world.

Tungsten sheet Introduction

Tungsten is a metal element. Tungsten is a chemical element

symbol W, atomic number 74 , relative atomic mass of 183.85 ,

137 picometer atomic radius , density of 19.35 grams / cubic

centimeter , which belongs to the periodic table of the sixth

cycle ( the second longest period) Group VIB . Kekai tungsten alloy in

nature primarily in a hexavalent cation ionic radius of 0.68

× 10-10m. Since W6 + ionic radius is small, the price is

high, strong polarization capability , easy to form a complex

anion , so tungsten ball mainly in the complex anion form [WO4] 2

-, and the solution Fe2 +, Mn2 +, Ca2 + and other cations to

form wolframite or white tungsten ore precipitation. After

smelting of tungsten are silver -white metallic luster , high

melting point, great hardness, low vapor pressure , the

evaporation rate is smaller, is chemically stable . This is

the basis of our understanding of what is tungsten .
Non-ferrous metals : tungsten balls is a non-ferrous metals .

Usually people based on the color and nature of the metal to

metal into two categories: ferrous and non-ferrous metals .

Ferrous metals mainly refers to iron , manganese, chromium

and their alloys , such as steel , pig iron, ferroalloy ,

iron and so on. Metal black metal than is called non-ferrous

metals . Tungsten belong to non-ferrous metals category.

Strength and hardness than pure non-ferrous metal alloys

generally higher resistance than pure metal large temperature

coefficient of resistance is small, has good mechanical

properties. Therefore, as a non-ferrous metals , tungsten

very high strength and hardness . Because of this

characteristic , has high hardness , wear resistance is

widely applied in the tungsten carbide cutting tools , mining

tools.

Molybdenum wire concentrate leaching

Some get a molybdenum concentrate plant, copper, lead, iron and other impurities substandard. High-quality standards of tungsten&moly copper molybdenum by Climax Molybdenum Company of America: MoS2 should be

95%, Cu should be less than 0.15%, Pb should be less than 0.05%. In the international market, quality almost, prices sent many, as the company July 1, 1975 quality molybdenum

Concentrate is priced at $ 2.43 / lb, unqualified to $ 2.236 / lb, the race to 2.5 to 17%. In order to reduce the content of these metals, and some plant using different

The leaching process.
    Brenda plant concentrate containing 55.3% molybdenum grade is relatively high, but the content of copper and lead undesirable. To this end, the plant uses the company developed the Noranda

Leaching process to reduce impurities to improve the quality of concentrate. This process is the principles and methods: copper chloride, ferric chloride leaching of molybdenum alloys oxide and calcium solution of Cu, Ca

And Pb. Cupric chloride and ferric chloride (103 and 41 respectively, the amount of g / t of concentrate) in a sodium chloride solution containing 20 to 30% of the chalcopyrite and galena

Effective chlorinating agent, calcium chloride or sodium chloride to reduce the PH value, and is used to increase the boiling point (located 4850 feet elevation Brenda leaching requires higher boiling point), reduction of

Short leaching time. Brenda most effective plant copper tungsten leaching solution containing 1% of cupric chloride, ferric chloride, 10% and 30% calcium chloride. Leaching at 2 hours at 100 ℃,

Make Cu, Pb leaching rate reached 98%, Ca leaching rate reached 79%, and was dissolved molybdenum is less than 0.5%. Used leachate chlorine gas can be quickly regenerated

. After each batch leaching let go 30% of the leaching solution, in order to control the leaching solution of copper and lead harmful elements. After leaching copper content fell from 0.337% molybdenum concentrate

0.063% lead content to 0.05% molybdenium grade increased from 55.3% to 56.6%. Such concentrates cooling and washed twice (including filtration and recycling pulp) after conduct

The final filtration and drying.
    Valencia Rita plant selection molybdenum concentrate containing 47 to 48% molybdenum, copper contained in order to further remove, to improve the quality, the plant uses a ferrous chloride leaching. Work

Arts process is the first molybdenum was filtered and dried to 2% temperature and then leaching the copper (up to 2.5 to 3.0%), ferrous chloride extract, molybdenum grade to 53 ~ 54%

. After the concentrate leaching and filtered again and dried, and within 2 meters of the roaster roasting ф.16 give trioxide, 60 to 61 percent of its grades, less than 1% sulfur, send

Ferroalloy plant into the preparation of ferro molybdenum. Cologne plant in order to reduce the copper content of molybdenum, using sodium chloride leaching, the product is filtered and then dip the slurry, and then sent to the acid

Dip, to further reduce the amount of copper, molybdenum acid leaching after final filtration and drying.

Integrity first molybdenum wire quality assurance

Status of foreign copper molybdenum ore beneficiation
Copper-molybdenum ore is one of the main sources of molybdenum, and Chile, the United States, Canada, Peru, Mexico and the Soviet Union, it is the recovery of molybdenum concentrate mainly from copper-molybdenum ore

Countries. Foreign practice shows that in recent years, the mining of copper tungsten deposit, the minimum copper grade of 0.2 to 0.3%, the lowest grade molybdenum 0.01 to 0.011%.
    At present, foreign copper-molybdenum ore beneficiation has three characteristics: First, they use a mix plus flotation separation process; Second, the rapid construction of a modern and efficient process large

Type the new plant, only 1975 to 1980 built on flat Tuo Wali plant (36,000 tons / day, the United States), Huo boast the plant (41,000 tons / day, Peru), La Kali

Dade plant (90,000 tons / day, Mexico),  plant (40,000 tons / day), Kapuqieshi He ink plant (40,000 tons / day, Iran), Sa
 plant (40,000 tons / day), Bagh Dade plant (36,000 tons / day, the United States); third is to strengthen the research molybdenium recovery process.
 In order to remove undue impurities, almost all recent construction of copper-molybdenum plant molybdenum rougher concentrate will be multiple choice, usually 7 times to 12 times, and in the fine

Election process, but also after a period or two and then re-grinding mill. Regrinding some open, some closed circuit with cyclones job selection period is closed, the former tailings return once

To mine box. Pima plant 3 to 7 times the combined selection of tailings, grading and re-sent to grind. The plant's molybdenum alloys mixed concentrate of 27% copper and molybdenum 0.5%, also contains a large number of

Talc, which planktonic activity and molybdenite are similar, it is difficult to remove, often resulting in molybdenum concentrate grade of less than 40%, sometimes even less than 10 to 15%, this failed concentrate

In the past had to be stored up for future processing. In order to improve the quality of concentrate, the plant had tried various methods, no problem. 1975 Pima introduction of tungsten ball election

The new law, the law is molybdenum concentrates containing talc in the selection carried directly into the flotation of molybdenum - talc separation. First or mineral acid salt was treated with a weak base (ammonium sulfate)

After a weak acid with a strong base (sodium) salt solution treatment. Featured sent out dehydration of tungsten balls, talc, molybdenum rougher tailings go to the mine boxes. The new process will return molybdenum concentrate

Yield increased from 40% to 43% (ore grade 0.47% Cu, 0.015% Mo). According to reports, the new process is set in the original production site, without the expansion of the flotation

Operating line.

Effects of molybdenum wirer microstructure

Molybdenum Molybdenum plates and various shaped pieces of material, its microstructure and physical properties of these largely affect the performance of molybdenum processed products, and product quality. Of molybdenum powder microstructure showed generally uniform particle size, agglomeration seriously poor particle dispersion, a wide particle size distribution and the like. The presence of these will make the microstructure of the molybdenum powder sintered billet by a subsequent press-formed on a uniform grain size of the organization and performance was not satisfactory, and even the formation of holes, cracks and other defects, and then in the subsequent rolling, swaging, billet pressure stratified  molybdenum plating  during processing, peeling, cracking, seriously affecting product quality and yield processing products. To further understand the impact of molybdenum powder  molybdenum screws  properties of molybdenum processed products, this paper specially selected molybdenum powder and ordinary molybdenum powder, processed through the same process of molybdenum wire and molybdenum plate products, then by detecting the physical and chemical properties, and comparative analysis the molybdenum and molybdenum products processing raw powder microstructure its impact product performance and quality.

tungsten sheet market continues to show signs of fatigue

Tungsten market continues to show signs of fatigue, weak demand, high offer no market price, volume was light, tungsten demand in the short term there is no breakthrough, we expect the mainstream market or stable tungsten market weak to run. Venue favorable factors still scarce and hard to find short-term positive signals into the market, so the molybdenum market prices deserted condition or continued. Serious decline among traders operational space, so from the city lurkers majority.  tungsten copper alloy  expectations, fewer strokes steel and low level. Given the current situation, molybdenum market prices are expected to limited downside.
Inquiry tungsten ore more, but inquiry and more low, it is difficult to supply procurement, the actual volume was light, and the inquiry by the high cost of active support, tungsten ore is expected to short-term market outlook or stabilization. Recent  sandblasted tungsten target  market prices continue to fall in the stage, buyers gradually from the city, making the stock market began to quiet. Mills bidding levels continued to fall, merchant shipping is difficult, and high turnover difficulties, offer Yindie. The current market is difficult to have other good news, we expect short-term molybdenum market remain stable weak pattern.